Science Journals

This Medical News article discusses a study linking digital media—particularly social media—use to consistent risks for children’s mental health and development.

This randomized clinical trial examines the safety and efficacy of rapid vs standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing for patients with gram-negative bacilli bloodstream infections.

This Research Letter reports the prespecified 6-month follow-up outcomes of the TIGHT K randomized clinical trial of potassium supplementation thresholds after cardiac surgery.

This trial evaluated whether rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) for bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by gram-negative bacilli (GNB) led to improved clinical outcomes compared with standard testing in regions with high antimicrobial resistance.

Requests for blood from unvaccinated donors may delay care and harm patients’ health, a review published in Transfusion suggests.

Selecting the right antibiotic to treat an infection is the cornerstone of effective antibacterial therapy and lifesaving in severe infections. The growing epidemic of antimicrobial resistance is making decisions about empiric treatment increasingly difficult and elevating the importance of having pathogen susceptibility data. Unfortunately, the time to get this vital information remains agonizingly long. In most microbiology laboratories, organisms must be grown and then tested after isolation from blood culture samples, a process that usually takes more than 24 hours. While awaiting this crucial information, clinicians are faced with a difficult dilemma: choose potentially excessively broad-spectrum antibiotics and risk potentially preventable adverse events or risk ineffective therapy. In nearly all cases, clinicians will choose the former, helping fuel the downward spiral of antimicrobial resistance because broad-spectrum antibiotics increase the selective pressure for resistant organisms, which, in turn, require even broader-spectrum antibiotics.

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the 2025 ACC/AHA/ACEP/NAEMSP/SCAI guideline for the management of patients with acute coronary syndrome.

In Reply In response to the Letter from Qin and colleagues requesting additional analyses, we would like to point out that we displayed the full range of potential improvement from baseline in the primary outcomes in Figure 2 of our article to allow readers to evaluate where in the distribution of responses the treatments differed. We chose to present the cumulative responder analysis using percentage change from baseline because this scale is more easily understood and interpreted by patients and clinicians. We think most patients and clinicians will have difficulty interpreting what a change in 2, 3, or 8 points on the RMDQ would mean to them. Changes in objective performance outcomes were greater for participants with impaired baseline performance based on normative data (>10 seconds for the Timed Up and Go test [55% of participants]; >10.4 seconds for the repeated sit-to-stand test [74% of participants]). Changes in pain self-efficacy, kinesiophobia (fear of movement), and pain catastrophizing tracked with disability outcomes because there were similar effect sizes favoring supported self-management over medical care at 2, 6, and 12 months. Mediation analyses assessing the impact of changes in self-efficacy, kinesiophobia, and pain catastrophizing on subsequent changes in disability and pain are forthcoming in separate publications.

This Perspective discusses accelerating the implementation of known methods for protecting the health care workforce from burnout.

To the Editor In the ADJUST-DVT study, no symptomatic VTE was reported during 3-month follow-up among patients with non-high clinical probability of VTE and D-dimer levels between 500 µg/L and the age-adjusted cutoff, and substantially reduced ultrasound imaging. These findings are clinically important and consistent with prior diagnostic strategies for VTE.

This JAMA Patient Page describes nitrous oxide misuse, potential complications of acute and long-term misuse, and treatment and prevention measures.

The 9-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine was associated with a lower risk of HPV-related cancers in adolescents and younger males, research published in JAMA Oncology found.

The objective of this study was to assess whether embolization of the middle meningeal artery (EMMA) after surgical drainage reduces the recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma compared with surgery alone.

This Viewpoint argues that artificial intelligence can be used to unburden physicians from administrative work that pulls them away from patient care.

Listen to the JAMA Editor’s Summary for an overview and discussion of the important articles appearing in JAMA.

In Reply We thank the Letter authors for raising several practical considerations relevant to interpretation and implementation of our study.

This Viewpoint discusses how programs from the COVID-19 pandemic, including Acute Hospital Care at Home, have created the infrastructure to widely deliver hospital at home care, which could transform US health care delivery in the future.

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an advisory about growing reports of medetomidine in the illegal fentanyl supply, which has increased the risk of overdose and severe withdrawal syndrome.

In this narrative medicine essay, an obstetrician discusses the way in which it is not only the joy of patients, but also the grief, that keeps her going.

To the Editor In the DESIGNATION randomized clinical trial, individualized driving pressure–guided high PEEP with recruitment maneuvers did not reduce postoperative pulmonary complications compared with standard low PEEP in adults at increased risk for postoperative pulmonary complications (Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia [ARISCAT] score ≥26) undergoing open abdominal surgery. As anesthesiologists frequently managing the treatment of such patients, we would like to highlight 2 aspects that may further inform bedside practice.

This Medical News article discusses the American Heart Association’s new scientific statement on dietary guidance to improve cardiovascular health.

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first generics of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor dapagliflozin, marketed as Farxiga.

To the Editor The DESIGNATION trial compared driving pressure–guided high PEEP with standard low PEEP. We seek clarification on 2 methodological aspects of the intervention to better interpret its null result.