Scientists create exotic quantum state combining superconductivity and topology
Researchers have designed a tabletop quantum system that simultaneously exhibits superconductivity and topological protection—two prized properties for fault-tolerant quantum computing. The breakthrough uses ultracold atoms to model a previously inaccessible regime, offering a practical path to engineer and test these exotic states before scaling to real devices.
Originaltitel: Topology meets superconductivity in a one-dimensional t-J model of magnetic atoms
Strongly interacting fermions represent the key constituent of several intriguing phases of matter. However, due to the inherent complexity of these systems, important regimes are still inaccessible. Here, we derive a realistic and flexible setup based on ultracold magnetic lanthanide atoms trapped in a one-dimensional optical lattice. Leveraging their large magnetic moments, we design a fermionic t-J model with independently tunable hopping, spin-spin couplings, and onsite interaction. Through combined analytical and numerical analysis, we uncover a variety of many-body quantum phases-including superconducting and topological states. Crucially, in the regime of attractive onsite interaction, we reveal that topology and superconductivity coexist, thus giving rise to an exotic state of matter: a topological triplet superconductor. We also outline a practical protocol to prepare and detect all discovered phases using current experimental techniques. Our results establish an alternative and powerful route for a deeper understanding of strongly interacting fermionic quantum matter.