New transit systems threaten informal transport workers' livelihoods in Africa

<p><em>Purpose</em>: This chapter examines the interaction between bus rapid transit (BRT) and paratransit regimes in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), focusing on the socio-economic implications for the paratransit workforce. It aims to identify barriers to successful integration between the two systems and to propose inclusive approaches that align with the sustainable development goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 9 (resilient infrastructure), SDG 11 (inclusive and safe human settlements), and SDG 8 (inclusive and sustainable economic growth).</p><p><em>Design/Methodology/Approach</em>: The study employs socio-technical transition theory to analyze the interaction between BRT and paratransit regimes. It combines a comprehensive literature review with 13 semi-structured interviews involving professionals and experts in the fields of paratransit and BRT. Four interaction approaches – competition, hybrid form, integration, and prohibition – are examined to assess their feasibility and inclusivity.</p><p><em>Findings</em>: The findings reveal that the development of BRT regimes often neglects the socio-economic impacts on the paratransit workforce, leading to reduced income, fewer job opportunities, and diminished decision-making power for workers. A hybrid approach, which combines the strengths of BRT and paratransit, is identified as the most inclusive and viable solution. This approach mitigates the negative consequences of job loss while promoting sustainable urban mobility.</p><p><em>Practical Implications</em>: The study highlights the need for inclusive urban transport planning that considers the livelihoods of paratransit workers. Policymakers and urban planners are encouraged to adopt hybrid models that integrate BRT with paratransit. This approach supports the achievement of multiple SDGs, fostering resilient infrastructure, inclusive cities, and sustainable economic growth.</p>